尼古丁

烟碱(Nicotine),俗名尼古丁,是一种存在于茄科植物(茄属)中的生物碱,也是烟草的重要成分。尼古丁会使人上瘾或产生依赖性(最难戒除的毒瘾之一),人们通常难以克制自己,重复使用尼古丁也增加心脏速度和升高血压并降低食欲。大剂量的尼古丁会引起呕吐以及恶心,严重时人会死亡。烟草中通常会含有尼古丁,这是许多吸烟者无法戒掉烟瘾的重要原因。

Nicotine-2D-skeletal.png

Nicotine-3D-vdW.png

尼古丁

IUPAC命名
3-[(2S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridine
识别
CAS号 54-11-5
ATC编码 N07BA01
PubChem 942
化学性质
化学式 C10H14N2 
分子量 162.26 g/mol
SMILES 搜寻eMolecules,PubChem
物理性质
密度 1.01 g/cm³
熔点 -79 °C (-110 °F)
沸点 247 °C (477 °F)
药物动力学性质
生物利用度  ?
代谢  ?
半衰期 2小时
排泄  ?
治疗考量
怀孕分级

D(US)

法律状态

Unscheduled(AU) ?(UK)?(US)

依赖产生可能 中至高
途径 香烟

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